ECM (Engine Control Module) |
ECM Harness Connector |
ECM Terminal Function |
Pin No. |
Description |
Connected to |
1 |
Injector (Cylinder #3) [High] control output |
Injector (Cylinder #3) |
2 |
Injector (Cylinder #4) [High] control output |
Injector (Cylinder #4) |
3 |
Injector (Cylinder #2) [Low] control output |
Injector (Cylinder #2) |
4 |
- |
|
5 |
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 1] heater control output
|
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 1] |
6 |
- |
|
7 |
- |
|
8 |
- |
|
9 |
- |
|
10 |
- |
|
11 |
- |
|
12 |
- |
|
13 |
- |
|
14 |
Cooling fan relay [High] control output |
Cooling fan relay [High] |
15 |
CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV) [Bank 1/Exhaust] control output |
CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV) [Bank 1/Exhaust] |
16 |
Injector (Cylinder #2) [High] control output |
Injector (Cylinder #2) |
17 |
Injector (Cylinder #1) [High] control output |
Injector (Cylinder #1) |
18 |
Injector (Cylinder #3) [Low] control output |
Injector (Cylinder #3) |
19 |
- |
|
20 |
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor2] heater control output
|
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 2] |
21 |
- |
|
22 |
- |
|
23 |
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS) signal input |
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS) |
24 |
Sensor ground |
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS) |
25 |
- |
|
26 |
- |
|
27 |
- |
|
28 |
- |
|
29 |
- |
|
30 |
- |
|
31 |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #3) control output |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #3) |
32 |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #1) control output |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #1) |
33 |
Injector (Cylinder #1) [Low] control output |
Injector (Cylinder #1) |
34 |
Fuel Pressure Control Valve (FPCV) [High] control output |
Fuel Pressure Control Valve (FPCV) |
35 |
ETC motor [-] control output |
ETC motor |
36 |
- |
|
37 |
Knock Sensor (KS) signal input |
Knock Sensor (KS) |
38 |
Sensor ground |
Knock Sensor (KS) |
39 |
- |
|
40 |
Brake Light switch signal input |
Brake switch |
41 |
- |
|
42 |
- |
|
43 |
- |
|
44 |
- |
|
45 |
CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV) [Bank 1/Intake] control output |
CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV) [Bank 1/Intake] |
46 |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #4) control output |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #4) |
47 |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #2) control output |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #2) |
48 |
Injector (Cylinder #4) [Low] control output |
Injector (Cylinder #4) |
49 |
Fuel Pressure Control Valve (FPCV) [Low] control output |
Fuel Pressure Control Valve (FPCV) |
50 |
ETC motor [+] control output |
ETC motor |
51 |
- |
|
52 |
- |
|
53 |
Brake Test switch signal input |
Brake switch |
54 |
- |
|
55 |
Clutch switch signal input |
Clutch switch |
56 |
Electric load signal input [Defrost] |
Alternator |
57 |
- |
|
58 |
Engine speed signal output |
Cluster |
59 |
Cooling fan relay [Low] control output |
Cooling fan relay |
60 |
Variable Intake Solenoid (VIS) valve control output |
Variable Intake Solenoid (VIS) valve |
Pin No. |
Description |
Connected to |
1 |
ECM ground |
Chassis ground |
2 |
ECM ground |
Chassis ground |
3 |
ECM ground |
Chassis ground |
4 |
Battery power (B+) |
Main relay |
5 |
Battery power (B+) |
Battery |
6 |
Battery power (B+) |
Battery |
7 |
Battery power (B+) |
Main relay |
8 |
Sensor ground |
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1 / Sensor 2] |
9 |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 1 signal input |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 1 |
10 |
Sensor ground |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 2 |
11 |
- |
|
12 |
- |
|
13 |
Sensor ground |
Brake Booster Vacuum Pressure Sensor (BBVPS) [With ISG] |
14 |
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) 1 signal input |
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) 1 |
15 |
- |
|
16 |
- |
|
17 |
- |
|
18 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 2 |
19 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
Brake Booster Vacuum Pressure Sensor (BBVPS) [With ISG] |
Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS) [With ISG] |
||
20 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS) |
A/C Pressure Transducer (APT) |
||
21 |
ISG OFF switch signal input |
ISG OFF Switch [With ISG] |
22 |
Wiper switch signal input |
Wiper switch |
23 |
Neutral switch signal input |
Neutral switch [With ISG] |
24 |
Alternator PWM signal output |
Alternator |
25 |
- |
|
26 |
- |
|
27 |
ISG OFF Lamp signal output |
ISG OFF Switch [With ISG] |
28 |
- |
|
29 |
Ignition switch signal input |
|
30 |
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1 / Sensor 2] signal input |
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1 / Sensor 2] |
31 |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 2 signal input |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 2 |
32 |
Sensor ground |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 1 |
33 |
- |
|
34 |
- |
|
35 |
Sensor ground |
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) |
36 |
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) 2 signal input |
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) 2 |
37 |
- |
|
38 |
Brake Booster Vacuum Pressure Sensor (BBVPS) signal input |
Brake Booster Vacuum Pressure Sensor (BBVPS) [With ISG] |
39 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) 1,2 |
40 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 1 |
41 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS) |
42 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Intake] |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Exhaust] |
||
43 |
- |
|
44 |
- |
|
45 |
A/C Pressure Transducer (APT) signal input |
A/C Pressure Transducer (APT) |
46 |
Vehicle speed signal input |
Vehicle Speed Sensor |
47 |
Start relay [High] output |
Start relay |
48 |
- |
|
49 |
- |
|
50 |
- |
|
51 |
- |
|
52 |
VS-/IP- (Common Ground for VS, IP) |
Heated Oxygen Sensor [Bank 1/Sensor 1] |
53 |
Rc/Rp (Pump Cell Voltage) |
Heated Oxygen Sensor [Bank 1/Sensor 1] |
54 |
- |
|
55 |
- |
|
56 |
- |
|
57 |
Alternator [COM] signal output |
Alternator |
58 |
Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS) signal input |
Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS) |
59 |
- |
|
60 |
Start signal input |
PDM module |
61 |
LIN communication signal input |
Battery sensor |
62 |
CCP-CAN [Low] |
Other control module, Data Link Connector (DLC), Multi-Purpose Check Connector
|
63 |
CAN [Low] |
Other control module, Data Link Connector (DLC), Multi-Purpose Check Connector
|
64 |
Sensor ground |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Exhaust] |
65 |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Exhaust] signal input |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Exhaust] |
66 |
- |
|
67 |
Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS) signal input |
Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS) |
68 |
- |
|
69 |
- |
|
70 |
- |
|
71 |
- |
|
72 |
Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV) control output |
Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV) |
73 |
- |
|
74 |
VS+ (NERNST Cell Voltage) |
Heated Oxygen Sensor [Bank 1/Sensor 1] |
75 |
Rc (Compensative Resistance) |
Heated Oxygen Sensor [Bank 1/Sensor 1] |
76 |
Sensor ground |
Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS) |
77 |
Sensor ground |
A/C Pressure Transducer (APT) |
78 |
Sensor ground |
Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS) |
79 |
Intake Temperature Sensor (IATS) signal input |
Intake Temperature Sensor (IATS) |
80 |
Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS) signal input |
Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS) |
81 |
- |
|
82 |
- |
|
83 |
Immobilizer communication line |
Smart Key Control Module [With Button Engine Start System] |
Immobilizer Control Module [Without Button Engine Start System] |
||
84 |
CCP-CAN [High] |
Other control module, Data Link Connector (DLC), Multi-Purpose Check Connector
|
85 |
CAN [High] |
Other control module, Data Link Connector (DLC), Multi-Purpose Check Connector
|
86 |
Sensor ground |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Intake] |
87 |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Intake] signal input |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Intake] |
88 |
- |
|
89 |
Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS) signal input |
Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS) |
90 |
Fuel pump relay control output (With Immobilizer) |
Fuel pump relay |
91 |
- |
|
92 |
- |
|
93 |
Main relay control output |
Main relay |
94 |
Start relay (Low) control output |
Start relay |
ECM Terminal Input/Output Signal |
Pin No. |
Description |
Condition |
Type |
Level |
1 |
Injector (Cylinder #3) [High] control output |
Relay ON/OFF |
DC voltage |
71V |
2 |
Injector (Cylinder #4) [High] control output |
Relay ON/OFF |
DC voltage |
71V |
3 |
Injector (Cylinder #2) [Low] control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
71V |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.0V |
|||
4 |
- |
|
|
|
5 |
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 1] heater control output
|
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.65V |
|||
6 |
- |
|
|
|
7 |
- |
|
|
|
8 |
- |
|
|
|
9 |
- |
|
|
|
10 |
- |
|
|
|
11 |
- |
|
|
|
12 |
- |
|
|
|
13 |
- |
|
|
|
14 |
Cooling fan relay [High] control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.76V |
|||
15 |
CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV) [Bank 1/Exhaust] control output |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: Battery voltage |
Low: Max. 1.65V |
||||
16 |
Injector (Cylinder #2) [High] control output |
Relay ON/OFF |
DC voltage |
71V |
17 |
Injector (Cylinder #1) [High] control output |
Relay ON/OFF |
DC voltage |
71V |
18 |
Injector (Cylinder #3) [Low] control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
71V |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.0V |
|||
19 |
- |
|
|
|
20 |
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor2] heater control output
|
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.65V |
|||
21 |
- |
|
|
|
22 |
- |
|
|
|
23 |
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS) signal input |
Idle |
Analog |
0.270 ~ 4.77V |
24 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
25 |
- |
|
|
|
26 |
- |
|
|
|
27 |
- |
|
|
|
28 |
- |
|
|
|
29 |
- |
|
|
|
30 |
- |
|
|
|
31 |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #3) control output |
Idle |
Pulse |
1st voltage: 370 ~ 430V |
ON voltage: Max. 2.2V |
||||
32 |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #1) control output |
Idle |
Pulse |
1st voltage: 370 ~ 430V |
ON voltage: Max. 2.2V |
||||
33 |
Injector (Cylinder #1) [Low] control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
71V |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.0V |
|||
34 |
Fuel Pressure Control Valve (FPCV) [High] control output |
Relay ON/OFF |
DC voltage |
16V |
35 |
ETC motor [-] control output |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: Battery voltage |
Low: Max. 1.0V |
||||
36 |
- |
|
|
|
37 |
Knock Sensor (KS) signal input |
Knocking |
Variable |
|
Normal |
Frequency |
|
||
38 |
Sensor ground |
Knocking |
Variable |
|
Normal |
Frequency |
|
||
39 |
- |
|
|
|
40 |
Brake Light switch signal input |
ON |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
OFF |
Max. 2.25V |
|||
41 |
- |
|
|
|
42 |
- |
|
|
|
43 |
- |
|
|
|
44 |
- |
|
|
|
45 |
CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV) [Bank 1/Intake] control output |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: Battery voltage |
Low: Max. 1.65V |
||||
46 |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #4) control output |
Idle |
Pulse |
1st voltage: 370 ~ 430V |
ON voltage: Max. 2.2V |
||||
47 |
Ignition coil (Cylinder #2) control output |
Idle |
Pulse |
1st voltage: 370 ~ 430V |
ON voltage: Max. 2.2V |
||||
48 |
Injector (Cylinder #4) [Low] control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
71V |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.0V |
|||
49 |
Fuel Pressure Control Valve (FPCV) [Low] control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
16V |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.0V |
|||
50 |
ETC motor [+] control output |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: Battery voltage |
Low: Max. 1.0V |
||||
51 |
- |
|
|
|
52 |
- |
|
|
|
53 |
Brake Test switch signal input |
ON |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
OFF |
Max. 2.25V |
|||
54 |
- |
|
|
|
55 |
Clutch switch signal input |
|
|
|
56 |
Electric load signal input [Defrost] |
ON |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
OFF |
Max. 2.25V |
|||
57 |
- |
|
|
|
58 |
Engine speed signal output |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: Battery voltage |
Low: Max. 0.6V |
||||
59 |
Cooling fan relay [Low] control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.76V |
|||
60 |
Variable Intake Solenoid (VIS) valve control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.65V |
Pin No. |
Description |
Condition |
Type |
Level |
1 |
ECM ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
2 |
ECM ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
3 |
ECM ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
4 |
Battery power (B+) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 1.0V |
IG ON |
Battery voltage |
|||
5 |
Battery power (B+) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 1.0V |
IG ON |
Battery voltage |
|||
6 |
Battery power (B+) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 1.0V |
IG ON |
Battery voltage |
|||
7 |
Battery power (B+) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 1.0V |
IG ON |
Battery voltage |
|||
8 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
9 |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 1 signal input |
Idle |
Analog |
0.674 ~ 4.379 V |
10 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
11 |
-
|
|
|
|
12 |
- |
|
|
|
13 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
14 |
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) 1 signal input |
Idle |
Analog |
0.33 ~ 4.72 V |
15 |
-
|
|
|
|
16 |
-
|
|
|
|
17 |
- |
|
|
|
18 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 0.5V |
IG ON |
4.9 ~ 5.1V |
|||
19 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 0.5V |
IG ON |
4.9 ~ 5.1V |
|||
20 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 0.5V |
IG ON |
4.9 ~ 5.1V |
|||
21 |
ISG OFF switch signal input |
|
|
|
22 |
Wiper switch signal input |
ON |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
OFF |
Max. 2V |
|||
23 |
Neutral switch signal input |
|
|
|
24 |
Alternator PWM signal output |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: Battery voltage |
Low: Max. 1.5V |
||||
25 |
-
|
|
|
|
26 |
-
|
|
|
|
27 |
ISG OFF Lamp signal output |
|
|
|
28 |
- |
|
|
|
29 |
Ignition switch signal input |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 1.0V |
IG ON |
Battery voltage |
|||
30 |
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1 / Sensor 2] signal input |
Engine |
Analog |
Rich: 0.6 ~ 1.0V |
Running |
Lean: Max. 0.4V |
|||
31 |
Accelerator Position Sensor (APS) 2 signal input |
Idle |
Analog |
0.261 ~ 2.204 V |
32 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
33 |
-
|
|
|
|
34 |
-
|
|
|
|
35 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
36 |
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) 2 signal input |
Idle |
Analog |
0.55 ~ 4.37 V |
37 |
-
|
|
|
|
38 |
Brake Booster Vacuum Pressure Sensor (BBVPS) signal input |
|
|
|
39 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 0.5V |
IG ON |
4.9 ~ 5.1V |
|||
40 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 0.5V |
IG ON |
4.9 ~ 5.1V |
|||
41 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 0.5V |
IG ON |
4.9 ~ 5.1V |
|||
42 |
Sensor power (+5V) |
IG OFF |
DC voltage |
Max. 0.5V |
IG ON |
4.9 ~ 5.1V |
|||
43 |
- |
|
|
|
44 |
- |
|
|
|
45 |
A/C Pressure Transducer (APT) signal input |
A/C ON |
Analog |
0.348 ~ 4.63 V |
46 |
Vehicle speed signal input |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: Min. 5.4V |
Low: Max. 2.25V |
||||
47 |
Start relay [High] output |
|
|
|
48 |
Cruise ON lamp |
|
|
|
49 |
-
|
|
|
|
50 |
- |
|
|
|
51 |
-
|
|
|
|
52 |
VS-/IP- (Common Ground for VS, IP) |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
53 |
Rc/Rp (Pump Cell Voltage) |
Idle |
Analog |
0 ~ 5.1V |
54 |
-
|
|
|
|
55 |
-
|
|
|
|
56 |
- |
|
|
|
57 |
Alternator [COM] signal output |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: Battery voltage |
Low : Max. 0.6V |
||||
58 |
Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS) signal input |
Idle |
Analog |
0.43 ~ 3.46V |
59 |
- |
|
|
|
60 |
Start signal input |
ON |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
OFF |
Max. 2V |
|||
61 |
LIN communication signal input |
RECESSIVE |
Pulse |
Max 5.6V (at 14V) |
DOMINANT |
Min 8.4V (at 14V) |
|||
62 |
CCP-CAN [Low] |
RECESSIVE |
Pulse |
2.0 ~ 3.0V |
DOMINANT |
0.5 ~ 2.25V |
|||
63 |
C-CAN [Low] |
RECESSIVE |
Pulse |
2.0 ~ 3.0V |
DOMINANT |
0.5 ~ 2.25V |
|||
64 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
65 |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Exhaust] signal input |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: min. 4.8V |
Low: Max. 0.6V |
||||
66 |
-
|
|
|
|
67 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
68 |
-
|
|
|
|
69 |
-
|
|
|
|
70 |
-
|
|
|
|
71 |
- |
|
|
|
72 |
Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV) control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.76V |
|||
73 |
-
|
|
|
|
74 |
VS+ (NERNST Cell Voltage) |
Idle |
Analog |
0 ~ 5.1V |
75 |
Rc (Compensative Resistance) |
Idle |
Analog |
0 ~ 5.1V |
76 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
- |
77 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
78 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
79 |
Intake Air Temperature Sensor (IATS) signal input |
Idle |
Analog |
0.209 ~ 4.756V |
80 |
Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS) signal input |
Idle |
Analog |
0.6683 ~ 4.346V |
81 |
-
|
|
|
|
82 |
-
|
|
|
|
83 |
Immobilizer communication line |
When transmitting |
Pulse |
High: Min. 8.4V(at 14V) |
Low: Max. 6.44V(at 14V) |
||||
84 |
CCP-CAN [High] |
RECESSIVE |
Pulse |
2.0 ~ 3.0V |
DOMINANT |
2.75 ~ 4.5V |
|||
85 |
C-CAN [High] |
RECESSIVE |
Pulse |
2.0 ~ 3.0V |
DOMINANT |
2.75 ~ 4.5V |
|||
86 |
Sensor ground |
Idle |
DC voltage |
Max. 50mV |
87 |
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Intake] signal input |
Idle |
Pulse |
High: min. 4.8V |
Low: Max. 0.6V |
||||
88 |
- |
|
|
|
89 |
Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS) signal input |
Idle |
Pulse |
Vp_p: Min. 1.0V |
90 |
Fuel pump relay control output (With Immobilizer) |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.44V |
|||
91 |
-
|
|
|
|
92 |
-
|
|
|
|
93 |
Main relay control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 1.7V |
|||
94 |
Start relay (Low) control output |
Relay OFF |
DC voltage |
Battery voltage |
Relay ON |
Max. 2.64V |
Circuit Diagram |
Kia Cee'd JD Service Manual: General information
Towing
If the vehicle needs to be towed, call a professional towing service. Never
tow vehicle with just a rope or chain. It is very dangerous.
Emergency Towing
There are three popular methods of towing a vehicle :
–
The operator loads the ...
Kia Cee'd JD Service Manual: TPMS Sensor Repair procedures
Removal
1.
Remove the valve core and deflate the tire.
2.
Remove the side of the tire bead area from the wheel using tire changing
machine .
...